Bridge - Network Device Class 11 and 12

 

Bridge

1. Bridge is a network device.

2. Bridge is a Data Link Layer Device.

3. Bridge is a two port device

4. Bridge used to interconnect two LAN's working on same protocol.

5. Bridge is an Intra-Networking device

6. Bridge can read and store MAC address.

7. Bridge is like a repeater with additional functionality that it can read MAC address

Types of Bridge:

1. Transparent Bridge: 

Stations /PC's are unaware from the existence of bridge.

2. Source Routing Bridge:

Source station perform rounting operation and data send to specific route. Both stations ( sender and receiver) are aware of existence of the bridge.

Hub - Network Device Class 11 and 12

 HUB:

1. Hub is a network device

2. Hub is a Physical Layer device.

3. Hub is a multiport device.

4. Signal travel in the form of bits in Hub.

5. Hub support electric signal

6. Hub is a half duplex device

7. Hub is an unintelligent device

8. Hub does not learn or store MAC address

9. Collision occurs commonly in Hub

10. Hub support only single collision dimension

11. Hub does not support Advanced features like VLAN, STP, RSTP etc.

Types of Hub:

1. Active Hub

Which hub have own power supply is called active hub.

2. Passive Hub

Which hub used Active hub power supply is called passive hub.

Storage Device

 

Storage Device

A storage device is a kind of hardware, which is also known as storage, storage medium, digital storage, or storage media that has the ability to store information either temporarily or permanently. 

 Two types of storage devices, primary and secondary

Primary storage devices: They are fit internally to the computer and very fast in terms of accessing data files. The RAM and cache memory are the examples of the primary storage devices.

Secondary storage devices: The hard disk, USB storage devices and optical disk drive are examples of secondary storage devices, which are designed to store data permanently. They include a large storage capacity while comparing with primary storage devices.

Examples of storage devices:

Magnetic storage devices

Floppy diskette

Hard drive

Magnetic Card

SuperDisk

Tape cassette

Zip diskette

Optical storage devices

Blu-ray disc

CD-ROM disc

CD-R and CD-RW disc.

DVD-R, DVD+RW, DVD+R, and DVD-RW disc.

Flash memory devices

Flash drive

Memory card

SDHC card 

SSD

SD Card

Output Devices

 

Output Devices

Any peripheral that accepts data from a computer and prints, projects, or reproduces it is known as an output device. 

The output may be audio, video, hard copy – printed paper, etc. Output devices convert the computer data to human understandable form. 

Output Devices

1. Monitor 

2. Printer

3. Plotter 

4. Projector 

5. Speakers 

6. Headphones

7. Sound Card

8. Video Card

9. Speech synthesizer

10. GPS

 

Processing device

 

A processing device is any device inside a computer that interprets and manipulates incoming data.

For example, in the diagram below, the CPU is the processing device.

Some of the most common processing devices:

·        Central processing unit (CPU)

·        Graphics processing unit (GPU)

·        Motherboard

·        Network card

·        Sound card

·        Video card

Input Devices

 

Input Devices:

Input devices are used to input the data into computer. Any gadget that feeds information to the computer and allows people to interact with the system and control it is called input device.

The following devices are input devices:

·        Keyboard

·        Mouse

·        Joystick

·        Scanner

·        Web Camera

·        Light Pen

·        Digitizer

·        MICR

·        Digital Camera

·        Microphone

·        Paddle

·        Graphics Tablets

·        Touch Pad

·        Light Gun

·        VR

·        Biometric Devices

·        Touch Screen

Parts of Computer

 

Parts of Computer

·        Hardware

·        Software

 Hardware:

The parts of computer which are tangible i.e. which we can touch or have physical existence are called hardware. In computer there are four types’ hardware devices.

·        Input Devices

·        Processing Devices

·        Storage Devices

·        Output Devices

 

Software: 

The parts of computer which are intangible i.e. which we cannot touch or which does not have physical existence are called software. There are two types of software:

·        Application Software

·         System Software