Storage Device

 

Storage Device

A storage device is a kind of hardware, which is also known as storage, storage medium, digital storage, or storage media that has the ability to store information either temporarily or permanently. 

 Two types of storage devices, primary and secondary

Primary storage devices: They are fit internally to the computer and very fast in terms of accessing data files. The RAM and cache memory are the examples of the primary storage devices.

Secondary storage devices: The hard disk, USB storage devices and optical disk drive are examples of secondary storage devices, which are designed to store data permanently. They include a large storage capacity while comparing with primary storage devices.

Examples of storage devices:

Magnetic storage devices

Floppy diskette

Hard drive

Magnetic Card

SuperDisk

Tape cassette

Zip diskette

Optical storage devices

Blu-ray disc

CD-ROM disc

CD-R and CD-RW disc.

DVD-R, DVD+RW, DVD+R, and DVD-RW disc.

Flash memory devices

Flash drive

Memory card

SDHC card 

SSD

SD Card

Output Devices

 

Output Devices

Any peripheral that accepts data from a computer and prints, projects, or reproduces it is known as an output device. 

The output may be audio, video, hard copy – printed paper, etc. Output devices convert the computer data to human understandable form. 

Output Devices

1. Monitor 

2. Printer

3. Plotter 

4. Projector 

5. Speakers 

6. Headphones

7. Sound Card

8. Video Card

9. Speech synthesizer

10. GPS

 

Processing device

 

A processing device is any device inside a computer that interprets and manipulates incoming data.

For example, in the diagram below, the CPU is the processing device.

Some of the most common processing devices:

·        Central processing unit (CPU)

·        Graphics processing unit (GPU)

·        Motherboard

·        Network card

·        Sound card

·        Video card

Input Devices

 

Input Devices:

Input devices are used to input the data into computer. Any gadget that feeds information to the computer and allows people to interact with the system and control it is called input device.

The following devices are input devices:

·        Keyboard

·        Mouse

·        Joystick

·        Scanner

·        Web Camera

·        Light Pen

·        Digitizer

·        MICR

·        Digital Camera

·        Microphone

·        Paddle

·        Graphics Tablets

·        Touch Pad

·        Light Gun

·        VR

·        Biometric Devices

·        Touch Screen

Parts of Computer

 

Parts of Computer

·        Hardware

·        Software

 Hardware:

The parts of computer which are tangible i.e. which we can touch or have physical existence are called hardware. In computer there are four types’ hardware devices.

·        Input Devices

·        Processing Devices

·        Storage Devices

·        Output Devices

 

Software: 

The parts of computer which are intangible i.e. which we cannot touch or which does not have physical existence are called software. There are two types of software:

·        Application Software

·         System Software

What is Software

 

Software

Software, simply are the computer programs. The instructions given to the computer in the form of a program are called Software. Software is the set of programs, which are used for different purposes. All the programs used in computer to perform specific task is called Software.

Software is a collection of programmes, documentation and procedures.

Software = Programmes + Documentation + Procedures

Programmes :

Set of instructions

Documentation:

“What is”, Documentation describes information about software such as software names, software requirement, features and functions of software etc.

Procedures:

“How to”, Procedures describe the working procedure of software i.e. how to operate software.

 

Types of software

1. System software:

System software is computer software designed to operate the computer hardware and to provide and maintain a platform for running application software.

a) Operating System Software

An operating system (OS) is software, consisting of programs and data that runs on computers and manages the computer hardware and provides common services for efficient execution of various application software.

Example :- DOS, Windows XP, Windows Vista, Windows 7/8/8.1/10, Unix/Linux, MAC/OS X etc.

b) Utility Software

Utility software is system software designed to help analyze, configure, optimize or maintain a computer. A single piece of utility software is usually called a utility or tool. Utility software usually focuses on how the computer infrastructure operates.

Examples areWindows Explorer (File/Folder Management), Windows Media Player, Anti-Virus Utilities, Disk Defragmentation, Disk Clean, BackUp, WinZip, WinRAR etc…

 

2. Application software:

Application software, also known as an application, is computer software designed to help the user to perform singular or multiple related specific tasks. Examples include enterprise software, accounting software, office suites, graphics software, and media players.

a) Package Software Multiple software programs that work together (or performs similar functions) and is bundled and sold together as a software package. Examples are :- Ms. Office 2003, Ms. Office 2007, Macromedia (Dreamweaver, Flash, Freehand), Adobe (PageMaker, PhotoShop)

b) Tailored or Custom Software Custom software (also known as bespoke software) is a type of software that is developed either for a specific organization or function that differs from or is opposite of other already available softwareSAGE (Accounting), Galileo/Worldspan (Travel) etc.

What is Computer

 

Computer:

Computer an electronic machine that can accept different type of input and produce different type of output according to the user instructions and saves output for the future use.  Computer can store, find and arrange information, calculate amounts and control other machines.

It can process both numerical and non-numerical (arithmetic and logical) calculations.

A computer has four functions:

A.      accepts data                                               Input

B.      processes data                                          Processing

C.      produces output                                      Output

D.      stores results                                             Storage

 

Input (Data):

Input is the raw information entered into a computer from the input devices. It is the collection of letters, numbers, images etc.

Process:

Process is the operation of data as per given instructions. It is totally internal process of the computer system.

Output (Information):

Output is the processed data given by computer after data processing. Output is also called result. We can save these results in the storage devices for future use.

Computer System

All of the components of a computer system can be summarized with the simple equations.

COMPUTER SYSTEM = HARDWARE + SOFTWARE+ USER

• Hardware = Internal Devices + Peripheral Devices

All physical parts of the computer (or everything that we can touch) are known as Hardware.

• Software = Programs

Software gives "intelligence" to the computer.

• USER = Person, who operates computer.

 

Features of Computer:-  

·         Processor

·         speed  reliability

·         accuracy

·         automation

·         diligence

·         consistency

·         no feelings